The development of diesel engines

Diesel is called Diesel in English to commemorate the inventor of diesel engines, Rudolf Diesel.
Diesel was born in 1858 in Germany and graduated from the Technical University of Munich. In 1879, Diesel graduated from the University and became a refrigeration engineer. At work, Diesel felt that the efficiency of the steam engine at that time was extremely low, and he had the idea of ​​designing a new engine. After saving some funds, Diesel resigned from his position as a refrigeration engineer and opened an engine laboratory.
In view of the weakness of low efficiency of steam engines, Diesel focused on developing high-efficiency internal combustion engines. At the end of the 19th century, petroleum products were extremely rare in Europe, so Diesel decided to use vegetable oil to solve the fuel problem of the machine (he used peanut oil for experiments). Because vegetable oil has poor ignition performance, the structure of the Otto internal combustion engine cannot be applied. Diesel decided to start from scratch, increase the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine, and use the high temperature and high pressure generated by compression to ignite the fuel. Later, this compression ignition engine cycle was called the Diesel cycle.
Like all great inventors, Diesel faced many difficulties on his way forward. Experiments proved that vegetable oils were unstable in combustion and too expensive to bear Diesel's "heavy responsibility". Fortunately, petroleum products were becoming more and more popular in Europe at that time, and Diesel chose diesel, a heavy distillate fuel originally used for heating, as the fuel for the machine. The structural strength of the compression ignition engine has always been a problem. In one experiment, the parts on the cylinder flew around like shrapnel, almost causing casualties. The experiment did not go well, and Diesel's funds gradually ran out. He had to return to the refrigeration factory to make a living. But Diesel did not succumb to difficulties. He used his spare time to continue experiments and perfect his machine step by step.
In 1892, Diesel finally developed a practical diesel-powered compression ignition engine. This engine has high torque, low fuel consumption, and can use low-quality fuel, showing a brilliant development prospect. Diesel immediately invested in the business venture of diesel engine production. Unfortunately, as an excellent engineer, Diesel lacked business acumen. He gradually fell into financial difficulties. In 1913, Diesel was on the verge of bankruptcy. However, the diesel engine invented by Diesel has been increasingly developed in the automotive, shipbuilding and industrial fields.
In 1976, Volkswagen of Germany first used diesel engines on the Golf sedan;
In 1989, the Volkswagen Golf diesel car of Germany was awarded the title of "low-emission car". In the same year, Volkswagen obtained some technology from Fiat's R&D institutions and manufactured the first 5-cylinder engine R5 TDI with supercharging and direct injection technology. This engine was put on trial in the Audi 100 model.
In 1990, Volkswagen of Germany officially launched the supercharged and direct injection series diesel engine TDI. Since then, Volkswagen of Germany has been at the forefront of the world in the development and application of diesel power technology;
In 1993, it developed a 4-cylinder turbocharged direct injection diesel engine (TDI);
In 1995, it developed a naturally aspirated direct injection (SDI) diesel engine;
In 1995, it developed a variable cross-section turbocharger VGT;
In 1998, it developed the pump nozzle (Pumpe Düse) technology;
In 1999, it developed a diesel power for the Lubo sedan with a fuel consumption of 3 liters per 100 kilometers. The birth of the upgraded diesel-powered sedan created a record of 0.99 liters per 100 kilometers, becoming the most fuel-efficient sedan in the world. The engine uses an aluminum naturally aspirated single-cylinder diesel engine, which adopts advanced high-pressure direct injection technology and has a displacement of 0.3 liters;
In 2002, FAW-Volkswagen took the lead in launching the Jetta SDI sedan in the Chinese market;
In 2004, FAW-Volkswagen introduced TDI technology.